243 Properties For Lease in Arncliffe, NSW 2205

High Clearance Warehouse With Modern Office!

Gunning Real Estate is pleased to present this high clearance warehouse with a large mezzanine office component. On the ground level, the unit is fully self contained with male, female, shower and kitchenette facilities. The mezzanine level is fully carpeted and air conditioned and comes complete with 5 partitioned offices, store area and board room.

Located within close proximity to Arncliffe railway station and shops, the property is a short drive to Forest Road and Princes Highway with M5 on and off ramps close by. The property is also only minutes away from Sydney International and Do...

Approved Mechanical Workshop

LJHooker Commercial Canterbury/Kogarah are proud to offer for lease this exceptional well set up and presented mechanical workshop.
This workshop speaks for itself with features such as high clearance, large roller door drive through access to rear lane, 3 hoists, lots of bench space, 6 external car spaces, great natural lighting and quality first floor air-conditioned office area over looking the work shop. plus kitchen and male & female amenities.
Negotiable terms including lease commencement & start date, term of lease, equipment etc.
Your inspection is highly recommended., For further ...

FOR LEASE - Arncliffe Warehouse/office space

Colliers International is pleased to bring to market an excellent leasing opportunity at 96-102 Princes Highway, Arncliffe. A well-positioned freestanding warehouse /hardstand mix well suited for bulky goods retail, storage and industrial use.

The property Features the following:

- 2690sqm Total Area Approx.
- 1890sqm Hardstand Approx.
- 800sqm Warehouse/office Approx.
- Kitchen & Bathroom amenities
- 57 Meter Highway Frontage
- High Clearance
- Great container/truck access
- Front and rear roller door access
- Located less than 200 metres to Arncliffe Railway Station
- 3 year ...

BRAND NEW GROUND FLOOR RETAIL/OFFICE WITH FIT OUT!

Gunning Real Estate is pleased to present this brand new shop located right on the busy Princes Highway and just within 300 metres from Arncliffe train station.

The property features an open-plan area and a spacious partitioned room. It is also fitted out with brand new floor&wall tiles and kitchenette (ceilings to be finished shortly).

KEY FEATURES:
- Floor area: 75sqm
- Two (2) allocated car spaces
- 11m wide frontage
- Brand new fit out
- Own kitchenette
- Common toilets
- Access to grease trap, exhaust, and gas in building
- 3 phase power
- High ceiling (4.24m)
- Great ...

11-13 West Botany Street, Arncliffe

Arncliffe is a suburb in southern Sydney, located 11 kilometres south of the Sydney CBD.

This parcel of land is located on West Botany Street, adjacent to Princes Highway, and is zoned B6 - Enterprise Corridor under the Rockdale Local Environmental Plan 2011.

The property comprises approximately 664sqm of grassed land bounded by a chain mesh face with double-gated access.

This is an exciting opportunity to secure a large parcel of land, subject to council approval!

Prime Exposure

Large retail space with prime Princes Highway exposure.
The shop is approx. 110 sq. metres and comes with 3 security car spaces + storage cage. Would suit a variety of uses (Subject to council approval).

Prime Head office location

Located on the north western side of Arncliffe Street moments to the M5 on/off ramp, Sydney CBD and Port Botany. Centrally located to major amenities and arterial Rds

Description:

- Two (2) office
- Part portioned and part open plan
- 450sqm office building
- Air-conditioned on both levels
- High office ceilings
- Flexible zoning
- Suit variety of users i.e medical, professional
- Fully furnished or can be removed
- Prime south Sydney location

Further information contact joint agents R&W Commercial South West or Commercial Property Group

BRAND NEW RETAIL / FOOD / OFFICE OPPORTUNITY WITH HUGE EXPOSURE

Brand new shop/office for lease in this rapidly developing location.
Located right on the busy Princes Highway, the property is within 300 metres from Arncliffe train station and offers any business huge exposure.

Key Selling Features:
- Floor area: 75sqm (approx.)
- Two (2) allocated car spaces
- 11m wide frontage
- Access to grease trap, exhaust, and gas in building
- 3 phase power
- High ceiling (4.24m)
- Great natural light
- Signage opportunity

Suit a number of uses

Fully Fitted Newsgency

A prime retail opportunity in a key position along Wollongong Road Arncliffe. The property has been trading as a newsagency for over 20 years and is now being offered fully equipped and ready for immediate business.

Flexible lease terms are available.

For further details or to arrange an inspection please contact Kire Gestakovski from LJ Hooker Rockdale on 0417 040 385.

FULLY RENOVATED

Situated only minutes from Arncliffe station and other amenities, can be used as office space and potential for a showroom

Features include:

- Plenty of street parking
- Freshly painted walls with downlights
- Modern glass shopfront with plenty of sunlight
- Lock up car space

Call now for an inspection!

Showroom / Workshop / Parking on Princess Highway

*Expose your business to thousands of passing cars daily
*Featuring - showroom / offices, car yard / front on site parking, rear workshop
*Previously occupied by City Ford
*Zoned "B6 Enterprise Corridore"
*Ideal for car yard, automotive services, showroom, offices (STCA)
*3 street frontage
*Extend signage available
*On site parking for 18 cars + rear council car park
*Located directly opposite "Rocksia Hotel"
*Join neighbors Mazda, Honda, Ford, KFC, Taleb Tyres just to name a few
*Conveniently located close to M5 Moterway, Airport with easy access to city
*Short lease available
Fo...

Versatile floors & Commercial Suites with Ample off Street Parking

LJ Hooker Commercial South Sydney are pleased to offer for lease 141 Coward Street, Mascot. This 1,402sqm Building sits just off busy Botany Road. With excellent exposure along Coward Street, Mascot Station, Bus Links and the Airport are only minutes away.

The Property will suit a number of tenancies ranging from Gyms/Fitness Users, Medical Centres, Church Groups, Childcare Centres, Office Users and other larger corporations.

Property Features:
- Flexible split options over 3 levels
- Rear lane access to ample on-site parking for up to 20 cars
- Zoned B2 Local Centre
- Bathroom fa...

Affordable Air Conditioned offices 343m2 (Approx.) close to M5 Motorway

Great opportunity to lease ground floor offices with parking in close proximity to M5 Motorway, Airport and Port Botany.

Features include:-
-343m2 (Approx.)
-Front reception including waiting area
-Two (2) glass partitioned offices, large open plan area, training room / work room
-Two (2) small partitioned offices
-Stationary room with built in cupboards and built in storage compactors
-Internal kitchenette, separate male and female amenities
-Air Conditioned
-Ample natural light throughout
-On Site parking available
-Located in security estate
-Conveniently located in close pro...

Fantastic Industrial Warehouse and Office For Lease - Available May 1

This industrial property is located in the tightly held estate of 25 Ossary Street, Mascot.

With easy access to the Sydney CBD, Sydney airport and Port Botany, the location is second to none.

This particular property has extra wide truck access and is away from the congestion that other industrial estates struggle with.

Great clearance.

Container height roller door.

Easy walk to Mascot Railway Station.

For inspections please contact the exclusive agents.

Simon Kent 0403 510 190
Joshua Charles 0412 600 005

Gateway 241 A-Grade Mascot Office

Savills is excited to bring to the market for lease 241 ORiordan Street, Mascot. Gateway 241 is a well-known landmark A-Grade commercial building in a prominent position within Mascot and Sydneys airport precinct.

Gateway 241 provides A-Grade office accommodation with efficient floor plates that allows your business to create its own identity in a vibrant setting appealing to all industry groups.

Gateway 241 benefits from the following:
- 8 minute (approx.) walk to Mascot train station and town centre
- A-Grade offices with near full height glass windows providing abundance of natura...

241 ORIORDAN (GATEWAY 241) A-GRADE MASCOT OFFICE

Gateway 241 is a well-known landmark A-Grade commercial building in a prominent position within Mascot and Sydneys airport precinct.

CBRE are offering a 500sqm* fitted out suite on a sub-lease basis.

Gateway 241 benefits from the following:

- Approximately an 8 minute walk to Mascot train station and shopping precinct
- A Grade End of trip facilities including gym, bike racks, lockers and showers
- full height glass windows providing abundance of natural light and airport & district views
- Access to Sydney domestic and international airport terminals
- Access to all arterial Ro...

Flexible warehouse space from 3,110-14,290 sqm

Gardeners Distribution Centre is a quality industrial facility located in Alexandria, approximately 6 kilometres from Sydneys CBD and 3 kilometres from Sydney Airport. The estate is an ideal location for airport related users and parcel service operators.

+ 8,572 sqm high clearance warehouse max (11.6m)
+ 5,982 sqm office spanning over two floors with mezzanine, workshop space and training rooms
+ ESFR sprinklers
+ On-grade and ramp access
+ Multiple roller shutter doors
+ Corporate exposure along Gardeners Road
+ Close proximity to the St Peters interchange and Campbell Road exte...

Refurbished and affordable office space in Mascot

Heritage Business Park is a modern, well-presented estate offering office space in Mascot, Sydney. The estate provides convenient access to Sydney Airport, Port Botany and Sydney CBD as well as a variety of amenities at Mascot town centre.

Features:
+ Recently refurbished corporate office of 446 sqm
+ Internal lift access
+ Dedicated on-site parking
+ Dual street access to Ricketty Street and Gardeners Road
+ Under 1km to Mascot train station and amenities
+ Corporate signage opportunities.

Heritage Business Park is owned+managed by Goodman.

Premium office space close to Mascot town centre

Altitude Corporate Centre is prominently located on the corner of O’Riordan and Coward Streets in Mascot. The location offers proximity to the Sydney CBD, Sydney Airport and is only 500m to Mascot town centre and train station.

An opportunity to lease high quality office space with 856 sqm is now available.

Features:
+ High quality corporate office space
+ On-site parking
+ Walking distance to Mascot Station and town centre
+ 5-star NABERS rating
+ Available now

Altitude Corporate Centre is owned+managed by Goodman.

80 M2 Suite - TOP FLOOR, 2 Car Spaces

Aero247 offers state of the art offices with superb amenities and secure car parking. Each suite is fully air conditioned and carpeted and has a kitchenette. In addition there is an 90 place childcare facility, boardroom facilities, top quality cafe, on site showers/change rooms and building manager. Suite 7.04 is available for lease and is north facing with great natural light. Call Nick Durrant on 0418 699 175 for details.

Whole Office Floors In The Heart of Mascot

15 Bourke Road is a freestanding six level commercial office building prominently set in the heart of Mascots thriving business precinct. Situated only 230 metres from Mascot Train Station and a 5-minute drive from the airport, this is your chance to bring your business to this highly desirable and accessible location.

15 Bourke Road has:
- NBN fibre connections
- Ducted air-conditioning throughout
- Corporate lobby with access to each level via three lifts, café adjacent to lobby
- Secure underground carpark
- Minutes from Central Station via Mascot Station (with trains leaving ever...

For Lease - 58 m2 with 2 Car Spaces!

This 4 level Commercial Building offers top quality office suites ideal for small business. The Axis Corporate Centre in Mascot is ideally positioned close to rail, Sydney Airport and eastern and southern suburbs. THE BUILDING: High quality four level commercial building with accommodation to suit most businesses wanting secure parking, cafe facilities, high speed internet and a great corporate environment. The subject suite is south facing with superb natural light with 6m window frontage. The suite is on the top floor, is in excellent order and has secure on-site parking for 2 cars. All...

For Lease - A Grade Offices with Fit Out

Aero247 is located on the southern side of Coward Street about 50m east of the intersection with Kent Road and 150m from Mascot station. A superb position for businesses wanting close proximity to the Airport and fast access to the Sydney CBD.
Aero247 is one of the best A grade office buildings in South Sydney. A small number of suites are available for lease ranging from 68 m2, 80 m2, 127 m2 to 420 m2. A newly created suite of 135 m2 is available and we have a suite of about 420 m2 coming available . It offers superb A grade offices with a top quality fit out, great natural light, good view...

COMMERCIAL SPACE FOR LEASE

This one ticks all of the boxes. Absolutely superb.
Blue Chip commercial space located in this premium quality Strata Title office building which is situated only 200 meters from Mascot Station.
This is one of only 16 suites and is located on the top 2 floors of the north eastern corner with generous glass.
There re separate male/female amenities, a shower and a full kitchen.
In addition to the floor space there are two substantial balconies.
4 secure basement car parking spaces are included in the rental.
Directly opposite there is a Secure Car Parking, Woolworths, Pharmacy, restaurant...

Food Ready Premises plus Residence

Located in the heart of Rockdale business precinct, set amongst major retailers, cafes, restaurants and minutes to public transport.

Two level shop and residence with the ground floor set up for food use as well as a the addition of a two-bedroom residence upstairs

Featuring:

Ground Floor Retail:

Building area 200 sqm (approx)
Open plan dining area
Existing grease extract & mechanical exhaust facility
Own toilet facility
Rear access for loading/unloading
Tandem car parking + ample street parking
Huge glass frontage for signage

First Floor residence:

Two good size ro...

PRIME RETAIL OPPORUNITY

Prime Retail Space

Located in the heart of Rockdale business precinct, situated amongst major retailers, cafes, restaurants and minutes to public transport is this ground floor retail space with excellent exposure to vehicular and pedestrian traffic.

Featuring:

Building area - 120 sqm (approx)
Open floor area
Onsite toilet facility
Own kitchenette amenities
Glass frontage with signage opportunity
Ample street parking and council car park nearby
Zoned B2 local centre allowing various usages STCA

Inspection is highly recommended. Available Now!

Prime Location With Exposure

Raine and Horne Commercial is proud to present this retail property in this highly sought-after location.

Located within walking distance to Mascot train station, minutes to Mascot central, exposure to Bourke Street, this shop is set amongst a busy lifestyle destination in growing Mascot.

Key Features:
- Shop area 56sqm (approx.)
- Open plan area
- Own toilet facility
- One allocated car space & ample visitor parking
- Air conditioned
- Provision for grease trap and exhaust facility
- Outdoor seating area (STCA)

Contact us for an inspection at your convenience.

Brand New Premises with Huge Exposure

- MAIN ROAD LOCATION
- OFFICES/RETAIL
- CAR SPACE
- NEW BUILDING

Brand new premises located on busy main thoroughfare.

Recently completed in a new mixed-use development under 45 apartments.
Surrounded by a number of well established businesses, cafe's and eateries and only moments to the airport and freeways.

Key points:
- Building area 60 sqm (approx.) + outdoor area of 15 Sqm
- Parking space
- Suit a number of uses

Rent Reduced - Brand New Retail Opportunity With Excellent Exposure

Brand new retail showrooms offering excellent exposure and located in rapidly developing Rockdale. Moments to the train and bus interchange as well as a number of other well established businesses, cafe's and restaurants.

The property is ideal for those tenants who are looking to establish themselves in a thriving business hub with Princes Highway exposure.

Key points:

- Building area - 253 sqm (approx.)
- Excellent Frontage to the Princes Highway
- High Ceilings
- Exhaust and grease trap provisions as well as disabled toilet
- Two (2) car spaces
- Visitor/Customer car parking i...

Large High Clearance Warehouse - Available 22nd May 2019

Other property features include:

-High car parking ratio
- Two separate building totalling 2,405m²
- Walking distance to rail – 500metres
- Moments to the access point of WestConnex
- Precedence from surrounding approved developments with potential for circa 4:1 GFA
- Strong institutional interest for the competed product
- Strong commercial occupier interest in Mascot
- Currently heavily under market rents

Available 1st June - Food Factory

This high clearance warehouse is available now and ready to be moved into straight away. This shed is fitted out with several working temperature control rooms and is already food approved - if you are in the food industry, you will need to inspect this one.

Located within the 'golden triangle' - Sydney CBD, Airport and Port Botany. With easy access to major arterial roads.

Main features:

- High Clearance, Container Access
- Column free warehouse, Clearspan
- Great ceiling height
- Food approved shed with fridges, freezers
- 6 Onsite Car spaces
- Huge power supply
- Zone IN2 - ...

BRAND NEW HIGH CLEARANCE WAREHOUSE + OFFICE

Gunning Real Estate is pleased to present for lease this recently built warehouse located just off West Botany St and within close proximity to Princes Highway, M5, and Port Botany.

The property features a high clearance warehouse area and a modern mezzanine office.

KEY FEATURES:
- 430sqm warehouse + 45 sqm office
- Four (4) allocated car spaces right in front
- High internal clearance (8m - 9m)
- Male and Female toilets + kitchenette
- Air-conditioned office with district view
- 3 phase power
- Building security system
- Suitable for a variety of business usage

Please contac...

Freestanding newly built 475sq m* warehouse with modern a/c office AVAILABLE NOW

AVAILABLE NOW

475sq m* newly built, freestanding warehouse comprising 430sq m* of high clearance (8-9m*) warehouse space accompanied by a 45sq m* modern, air-conditioned office upstairs, with glass frontage and district views. There are four car parking spaces available to the incoming tenant which are included in the rent. The building is secured by a new alarm system.

For additional details or to arrange an inspection please contact the Savills agents listed. We will also provide a full list of available properties in the area for you to compare.

*Approx.

Prime Triple Fronted Retail or Consulting Rooms

* Prime exposure and triple frontage
* Perfect for restaurant, offices or consulting rooms
* Mega high exposure
* Rear parking and access
* Own amenities
* 10 allocated parking spaces

Contact agent for inspection.

Prime Triple Fronted Retail or Consulting Rooms

* Prime exposure and triple frontage
* Perfect for restaurant, offices or consulting rooms
* Mega high exposure
* Rear parking and access
* Own amenities
* 10 allocated parking spaces

Contact agent for inspection.

VERY AFFORDABLE: QUALITY WAREHOUSE AND OFFICES

Medium/short term lease opportunity!
The opportunity to lease good quality warehouse (2200 sqm approx.) and offices (200 sqm approx.) with adjacent toilet/shower facilities.
Ample car parking

+ Turrella is 2.5km East of Airport and 10km West of CBD
+ Easy access to Kingsford Airport, Princes Highway, Port Botany and M5 Motorway
+ Located withing 500m of both Turrella and Wolli Creek train stations
+ Functional, secure, high ceiling clearance
+ 9 docked roller shutters
+ Awnings
+ Good natural light
+ Council approved 24/7 access

Available August 2019

First Floor Office Suites

:: Outstanding Exposure
:: Close to Public Transport
:: Rear Access
:: Reserved Parking Spaces

Bargain Price - Whole 1st Floor Space

Located in the Heart of Rockdale on Princes Highway, is this 1st Floor office space. Ideal for corporate headquarters.

Property Features:

* Approx. area 335 SqM or divide
* Several existing partitioned rooms plus open plan areas
* Signage opportunities facing Princes Highway
* Kitchenette and bathroom amenities
* Air conditioning
* Windows throughout with ample natural light
* 6 x Allocated car space

Exciting Retail Opportunity

Rockdale is an established residential suburb in Sydneys St George area situated approximately 12 kilometers by road from the Sydney CBD. Great retail premises that is located in the heart of Rockdale at Rockdale Railway Station, suitable for retail dry use, subject to Council Approval. In 2014, Rockdale had over 19,000 commuters through the station. Make the most of one of Sydneys busiest train stations and have your business set up to service commuters.

Bargain Small Office or Retail Space

Situated along the Commonwealth Bank shopping arcade. Walk through between Princes Hwy and Rockdale Train & Bus Station is this centrally located retail/office suite. Surrounded with exclusive banks, pharmacies, cafe's and other essential amenities, this office building is highly exposed to thousands of commuters travelling everyday.

Featuring:
* Suite size approx area 16 m2
* Decent natural light
* Council car park nearby
* Common toilet facilities
* Own Kitchenette area
* Flexible lease terms
* Outgoings applicable

Inspection is highly recommended. Available Now!

Bargain Small Office or Retail Space

Situated along the Commonwealth Bank shopping arcade. Walk through between Princes Hwy and Rockdale Train & Bus Station is this centrally located retail/office suite. Surrounded with exclusive banks, pharmacies, cafe's and other essential amenities, this office building is highly exposed to thousands of commuters travelling everyday.

Featuring:
* Suite size approx area 16 m2
* Decent natural light
* Council car park nearby
* Common toilet facilities
* Own Kitchenette area
* Flexible lease terms
* Outgoings applicable

Inspection is highly recommended. Available Now!

Bargain Small Office or Retail Space

Situated along the Commonwealth Bank shopping arcade. Walk through between Princes Hwy and Rockdale Train & Bus Station is this centrally located office suite. Surrounded with exclusive banks, pharmacies, cafe's and other essential amenities, this office building is highly exposed to thousands of commuters travelling everyday.

Featuring:
* Suite 13: approx area 16 m2
* Ample natural light
* Council car park nearby
* Common toilet facilities
* Own Kitchenette area
* Flexible lease terms
* Outgoings applicable

Inspection is highly recommended. Available Now!

Modern, fully furnished, serviced office space for rent

Description:

This centre offers modern, professional, furnished offices on flexible terms. Amenities include free on-site parking, full kitchen facilities, cleaning, and after-hours support. Located just a few minutes' walk from Rockdale train station, major arterial roads and bus stop, this centre also has free onsite parking with all day access to the council car park. Numerous cafes and shops on your doorstep in King Street Mall.

Location:

This centre is surrounded by all the amenities required by your business including all major banks and post office. This centre is 15 minutes ...

Superb 68 M2 Suite with Quality Fit Out

Located on Level 3 with south facing views towards the Airport, this well presented corner suite offers great space for a growing business. The suite has a great kitchenette with dishwasher, a boardroom and separate office, existing work stations and 2 secure car spaces. Current tenant will sublease or a new lease is available by negotiation. To inspect call Nick on 0416 122 736.

LUXURIOUS OFFICE SUITES IN THE HEART OF ROCKDALE

:: DUCTED A/C THROUGHOUT
:: CARPET TILES
:: SIGNAGE POTENTIAL
:: CONVENIENT LOCATION
:: READY TO OCCUPY NOW

$200 PSM - HUGE OPEN PLAN OFFICE

Located in the heart of Rockdale Central Business District features this huge office space on Level 1.

Key Features:
* Approx. office area 349m2
* 5 x Secured car spaces
* Ducted air conditioning throughout
* Designer carpet tiles
* Lift access
* Glass frontage with signage potential
* Open plan, flexible office area
* Common M/F/Disable Toilet amenities
* Kitchenette amenities
* Convenient location rig...

Amazing Factory/ Warehouse/ Showroom Opportunity

Positioned in the "Rockdale Centre", a security gated centrally located industrial complex with easy access to M5 & Princes Highway, this approx 220sqm (internal) factory unit includes 2 off street parking spaces, updated kitchen, bathroom facilities & shower.
Rent: $38,000 plus GST (includes all outgoings)
Available: 9/6/2019

FOUR BRAND NEW SHOPS IN PRIME RETAIL LOCATION - FLEXIBLE SIZE ARRANGEMENT

Gunning Real Estate is pleased to present these 4 shops for lease. Located right on the busy Princes Hwy, the building is only 240m from Rockdale train station and 300m from Rockdale Plaza.

The 4 shops can be leased separately or together. Each features an open-plan layout, high ceiling, and full glass frontage.

KEY FEATURES:
- Internal Area: From 125sqm to 555sqm (Total)
- Provision for Grease Trap & Exhaust
- Two (2) car spaces for each shop + Ample retail visitor car spaces
- Common toilets (disabled available)
- High ceiling
- Rear access for parking and loading
- Suitable fo...

Brand New Ground Floor Retail Premises in 'The Exchange'

Two brand new ground floor retail premises located on the busy Botany Road in the hub of Mascot Shopping.

- Zoned B2 Local Centre
- Total 213sqm approx
- Corner position

Images used are 'Artist Impressions' only.

Brand New Ground Floor Retail Premises in 'The Exchange'

This brand new ground floor retail premises located on the corner of busy Botany Road in the hub of Mascot Shopping.

- Zoned B2 Local Centre
- Total 70sqm approx

Images used are 'Artist Impressions' only.

Modern, fully furnished, serviced office space for rent

Multiple sized offices available, ranging from 2-20+ pax with prices starting from $1000 per month.

Description:

This professional business centre offers fully equipped business lounges, private offices and meeting rooms. The office space is designed for efficient drop-in work for traveling professionals, perfect as a business hub. The centre boasts WiFi, a full kitchen area, a refresh bar, a lounge area, showers and print, scan and copy facilities.

Location:

Located within a convenient distance from Sydney International Airport, this centre is only a 20-metre walk to Terminal 1 ...

Modern, fully furnished, serviced office space for rent

Multiple sized offices available, ranging from 2-20+ pax with prices starting from $1400 per month.

Description:

This fully-equipped, modern office space provides a complete business solution for your company. Each fully-furnished office suite is individually tailored to your business' needs, offering both co-working and private serviced solutions fully equipped with cutting-edge technology, 24/7 access, excellent security, meeting rooms and conferencing facilities as well as readily available parking facilities. The centre also features a modern reception area with friendly, helpful s...